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Hydr'aness
L'huile de tournesol a la particularité de contenir peu d'acides gras saturés et d'être principalement composée d'acides gras essentiels. Elle est d'ailleurs l'huile végétale la plus riche en oméga 6. Elle contient également de l'oméga 9 mais est particulièrement pauvre en oméga 3. Outre les acides gras essentiels qui représente plus de 90% de sa composition (selon son mode et sa qualité de production), l'huile de tournesol comprend également de la vitamine E ainsi que des phytostérols.
Originaire d'Amérique du nord, le tournesol était employé par les Amérindiens autant pour se nourrir que pour se soigner. Cette plante présente en effet de nombreuses vertus nutritionnelles et médicinales. Importé par les espagnols courant du XVI siècle, le tournesol est aujourd'hui cultivé un peu partout dans le monde. Cependant, la culture du tournesol en Europe était, au départ, était essentiellement utilisée à des fins thérapeutiques et esthétiques. Ce sont les russes qui ont commencé à employer l'huile de tournesol ainsi que les graines comme ingrédients de cuisine.
L'huile de tournesol est produite à partir d'un pressage des graines de la plante, réalisé de préférence juste après la récolte. Elle est ensuite destinée à l'univers de la cosmétique ou de la cuisine. Comme beaucoup d'huiles végétales, elle possède des vertus cutanées, autant sur la peau que sur les cheveux et les ongles mais présente également d'excellents apports nutritionnels.
Le tournesol est une plante facilement reconnaissable avec la forme ronde de ses fleurs et la belle couleur jaune de leurs pétales qui rappelle celle du soleil. Une des particularités de la plante, et qui est une des caractéristiques des champs de tournesol, est son orientation face au soleil.
À noter que l'on distingue 2 types d'huile de tournesol : une riche en oméga 6 que l'on qualifie habituellement de "classique" et une qui présente une forte concentration d'oméga 9 et que l'on appelle huile "oléique".
Bien que cette huile végétale soit très connue pour être employée dans diverses préparations culinaires, elle est également très appréciée dans l'univers de la beauté et du bien-être. L'huile de tournesol présente en effet de nombreux bienfaits cutanés (notamment lorsqu'elle est associée à un tensio-actif) :
Ses nombreux bienfaits pour la peau ainsi que les cheveux et les ongles lui valent ainsi d'être régulièrement employée comme base dans des huiles de massages et des mélanges d'huiles essentielles dans un but essentiellement apaisant.
Bien qu'elle présente de nombreuses vertus cutanées, l'huile de tournesol est aussi très utilisée en cuisine. Elle est notamment employée pour la friture. Dans diverses préparations culinaires, elle est également très appréciée pour son goût relativement neutre. Cette huile végétale apporte ainsi toutes ses valeurs nutritionnelles, telles qu'une forte teneur en oméga 6, sans venir altérer le goût de la préparation.
L'huile de tournesol peut également être utilisée pour ses bienfaits thérapeutique. Elle présente, par exemple, des vertus laxatives et peut ainsi être préconisée en cas de constipation. L'huile végétale issue des graines de tournesol peut aussi être employée pour son action anti-inflammatoire.
Hydraness